Vaccines and AMR: An analysis of the funding landscape for human bacterial vaccines in low-and middle-income countries

The study examines investments in bacterial vaccine research and development in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) from 2007 to 2024. The research found that global funding for vaccine R&D for bacterial pathogens is $4.50 billion, primarily directed towards M. tuberculosis and S. pneumoniae. Most funding is received by North America and Europe, with Asia, Africa, and Central/South America receiving less than 20%. Product Development Partnerships (PDPs) are crucial in mobilizing resources for bacterial vaccine R&D in LMICs.